Liquid Metal Swimming Nanorobots

ConspectusRoom temperature liquid metal gallium-based materials have received tremendous attention owing to their potential promises in various aspects including bioengineering and smart medicine, flexible circuits electronic skins, transformable activators triboelectric nanogenerators, etc. Particularly, the usage of metals construct humanoid robots accomplish diverse dangerous missions leads considerable focus on development robots. Unlike conventional with rigid properties responsible mainly for backbone, room could serve as a new generation robotic devices its advantages, such low toxicity, high fluidity, plasticity at micro/nanometer sizes. With expectation biomedicine, targeted drug delivery, past decade has led scaling down swimming robot micro- nanoscales. Swimming nanorobots, which are defined that can convert chemical energy surrounding environment externally physical field into own kinetic micro/nanoscale achieve self-propulsion, shown widespread vivo applications. Despite great promises, primarily limited millimeter subcentimeter scales. Moving toward clinical medical practices, however, these facing biocompatible problem caused by large sizes propulsion approaches. manufacture, navigation nanoscale robots, ensuring penetration though tissues disease area, is still challenging. Construction nanorobots vital importance both fundamental research, dynamics individual emergence nanorobotic swarms, well engineering bioapplications, instance, active target delivery. When applied an surgical agent, will not only gather site higher targeting ratio but also behave emerged collective means transform infuse destroy lesion photothermal photodynamic therapy, so on. Compared large-scale offer advantages treatment tumors lower intensity, precision, therapies minor invasion.In this Account, we summarize our recent efforts outcome others motion control, transformation, infusion, from viewpoint aspects. Also, soft systems adaptive interactive functions biomedical applications be illustrated.